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Traditional Musical Instruments
Traditional
Musical Instruments of Uttarakhand refelcts the values of Uttarakhand people.
The famous musical instruments are , Damama, Hurka,Turturi or
turhi,Binaee,Mushak Been or Bagpipe, or
Flute these are the most famous in Uttarakhand.Folk dance and music both
require the help of several musical instruments that lend the former their
characteristic simplicity and regional touch and make them more enchanting. These instruments form
the soul of folk dance and music.Uttarakhand’s traditional musical instruments
are quite simple but unique into the emotions they evoke. Some of the commonly
seen musical instruments are:
Dhol
This is
a drum in which a wooden or brass hollow is covered with leather at both ends.
At one end it is beaten with a stick while the other end is patted with the palm.
It is generally played in Barats, Navratris and religious processions.
This
consists of two leathered brass cones one somewhat bigger and the other small
in size. The bigger one is called ‘Daindama’ while the smaller one is called
‘Baundamu’. Both produce different sound when beaten with sticks known as
‘Lakur.’
Hurka
The
staccato beats of the hurka are heard in almost every song or dance performance
in Uttarakhand. It also finds mention in Bharat Muni’s ‘Natya Shastra’ – the
first treatise on theatrical forms. This is a percussion instrument and can be
played solo or with other instruments like the flute, brass plate or bagpipe.
Turturi or turhi
This
trumpet-like organ is found in two forms. One is quite long and curved in shape
while the other resembles a snake in its coiled form. It is made of brass or
copper and its blowing is generally accompanied with the beating of the Damama.
A special type of Turturi, the ‘Ranasingha’ looks like a hooded cobra or a
curved animal horn.
Binaee
This is
a small instrument made of iron. It is played by pressing it between the teeth
and tapping one of its arms to produce a poignant hum.
Mushak Been or Bagpipe
This
well-known Scottish instrument was introduced in Uttarakhand by the British
army some 200 years back around the Anglo-Gorkha was of 1814-15. Now it is an
inseparable part of folk music and dance. This testifies the receptivity and
addictiveness of the local people.
Muruli or Flute
Muruli
or flute has been an integral part of the lives of shepherds and cattle grazers
in Uttarakhand. They have created a number of folk tunes while grazing cattle
in the jungles or meadows. The ever-enchanting landscapes undoubtedly provided
the inspiration to create new tunes on which some folk songs are based.

Interestingly,
the players of these instruments belong to the artisan class, which is at the
lower rung of the social hierarchy. A systematic study of all these musical
instruments and their history will probably add another chapter in the omnibus
of Indian classical music, besides revealing some interesting anthropological
information.
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